Aortic Grafts

A paper which examines the diagnosis and treatment of an aortic graft to a duodenum fistula as a cause for upper GI bleeding. This paper examines the connection between an aortic graft to a duodenum fistula as a cause for upper GI bleeding. Generally, aortic grafts are used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms. The paper defines aortic aneurysms as a weak area in the wall of the abdominal aorta, the artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The paper concludes that aortic grafting can be a major cause of GI bleeding as an after effect of treating an abdominal aortic aneurysm and a method of treatment requires replacement of the stent-graft. Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms may require surgery but for some patients, a new non-surgical treatment called stent-graft repair can be performed. The following is the results of a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter clinical trial that compared endovascular stent graft exclusion of abdominal aortic aneurysms with open surgical repair. During an 18-month period, 250 patients with infrarenal aneurysms underwent treatment at 12 study sites. 190 patients underwent endovascular repair using the Medtronic AneuRx stent graft (Sunnyvale, California), and 60 underwent open surgical repair. There was no significant difference in operative mortality rates between the groups. The patients who underwent stent grafting had significant reductions in blood loss and days in the intensive care unit and in the hospital, with an earlier return to function. Primary technical success at the time of discharge for the patients with stent grafts was 77%, largely as a result of a 21% endoleak rate. At one month, the endoleak rate had decreased to 9%.

Description of Investment Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Description of Investment Banking - Essay Example In addition, investment banks can also assist the mergers and acquisitions of companies and provide services such as trading of derivatives and securities. It trades and promotes securities for assets or other securities (i.e. derivatives) on its selling side. On the other hand, it also advises individuals and companies on how to invest their monies as its buying function. Advise typically dispensed by investment banking usually involves equity, insurance companies, mutual funds and hedge funds. An investment banker or the person who provides investment banking services to his or her clients are licensed and subject to the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Financial Regulatory Authority (SEC). a. Front office – is the most common function of investment banking where it helps its client to raise capital for their business or give advise during acquisitions and mergers. Raising funds for its clients could take in the form of issuing marketable securities (such as stocks), coordinate and negotiate with the company to be acquired or merged with and coordinate with bidders. Investment banks do not take in deposits from the general public and instead, it involves itself in the buying and selling of investment securities and other tradable securities. The investment banker assumes the role of a trader as he or she buys and then sell securities with a spread or margin on every trade completed. This function of investment banking, however, was blamed as the culprit of the recent financial crisis because the â€Å"financial bubble† that burst and precipitated the crisis came from reselling of complex derivates and debts that cannot collect until ultimately, it took its toll on the US financial system. b. Middle office – the middle office involves the research function of investment banking.

Electronic advertising Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Electronic advertising - Literature review Example In the survey the researcher emphasizes on the persuasive power and nature of advertising and how it is able to shift the customer preferences in relation to the products. The purposes of advertisement is to alter the preferences and tastes of the customers and consumers in relation to the products of the established companies and businesses or in relation to the operations of the company reputations (Doraszelski, Ulrich, Markovich, & Sarit, 2007).This information falls in line with the study of the use of electronic advertising for the purposes of obtaining a competitive advantage in Ghana since it has a comprehensive investigation into the nexus between electronic advertisement and the competitive advantages to companies (Yucelet, Uger.L., & Erderner, 1999). Developments in Advertising Advertising is a very important aspect of companies ability to sell out its products to the consumers .Consumers are very sensitive to the trends , fashions and the development of products within the economy. Forecasts show that the electronic media advertising in Ghana has been developing exponentially over the years (Asiamah, 2012). Research in this area of electronic advertising in Ghana has taken various avenues with many researchers having done case studies of the approaches and methodologies that are applied by the major companies in the country and the results of their means of electronic advertisements. (Asiamah, 2012) analyzed the impacts of the electronic media in the sales of in the country and the relative efficiency of this type of marketing on the business profitability .Further analysis and studies by Zoubkov et al. emphasized on the developments that have occurred in the industry of electronic advertisements in the country and how effective it has had impacts on the developments in the business industry of the country (Ford & Rochwell, 2002). Marketing and especially electronic advertising the act of arresting the intelligence of the humans for the longest time possible so as to be able to get money from the individuals (Bagdikian, 2000).Advertising has been in existence since the early centuries and the first of advertisement were observed in 300 BC when the Babylonians were observed to have been using store signs and street barkers for the promotion of their wares in stores and their business (Zoubkov, Johnson, Young, Fletcher, & Thomas, 2004).With the evolution and development of the mass media advertising has been embedded in our daily lives ,hence the electronic advertising has become the chore of the advertising with many advertisements barraging the daily entertainment and mass media communication means from the social sites to public media like the television ,radio and internet (Christine, 2010). The advertising industry has advanced in the techniques of operations with every year hence the development and sophistication of the approaches that are used at almost all the levels ,nationally and internationally hence the need for qui ck adaptations to enable sustainability and success of businesses. Advertising has lead to the development of consumerism and has made the luxuries of society to turn into needs and made needs to be where they